Doses and Biological Effects

• Introduction
• Four Basic Radiation Types
  • Introduction
  • Alpha
  • Beta
  • Beta +
  • Gamma
  • Quiz
• Classification of Biological Effects
  • Introduction
  • Source of Data
  • Basic Radiobiology
  • Deterministic Effects
  • Stochastic effects
  • Quiz 1
  • Hereditary defects
  • Factors affecting damage to cells
  • Types of cell damage
  • Quiz 2
• Concepts of Risk
  • Introduction
  • Occupational Exposure
  • Loss of Life Expectancy
  • Risks relative to other occupations
  • Quiz 1
  • Sources of Exposure
  • Data on occupational exposure
  • Total Radiation Dose to the UK Population
  • Quiz 2
• Annual Limits on Intake (ALI)
  • Introduction
  • ALI factors
  • ALI Models
  • Quiz
• Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD)
  • Introduction
  • Steps in the MIRD Calculation
  • Further Information
  • Quiz
• Key Points

Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD)

Introduction

The 'Medical Internal Radiation Dose System (MIRD)' system is based on the ‘rad’ and ‘Curie’ units as it is American (old units before the ‘Gray’ and ‘Becquerel’) however it parallels the ICRU Report 32 method which does use SI units.

The hardest part is assembling and evaluating the often sparse biological data. Lot of data available from MIRD published pamphlets (through the Society of Nuclear Medicine - SNM). MIRD type calculations rarely needed now except in some research performed by drug companies.

 

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