Doses and Biological Effects

• Introduction
• Four Basic Radiation Types
  • Introduction
  • Alpha
  • Beta
  • Beta +
  • Gamma
  • Quiz
• Classification of Biological Effects
  • Introduction
  • Source of Data
  • Basic Radiobiology
  • Deterministic Effects
  • Stochastic effects
  • Quiz 1
  • Hereditary defects
  • Factors affecting damage to cells
  • Types of cell damage
  • Quiz 2
• Concepts of Risk
  • Introduction
  • Occupational Exposure
  • Loss of Life Expectancy
  • Risks relative to other occupations
  • Quiz 1
  • Sources of Exposure
  • Data on occupational exposure
  • Total Radiation Dose to the UK Population
  • Quiz 2
• Annual Limits on Intake (ALI)
  • Introduction
  • ALI factors
  • ALI Models
  • Quiz
• Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD)
  • Introduction
  • Steps in the MIRD Calculation
  • Further Information
  • Quiz
• Key Points

Doses and Biological Effects

Key Points

• Data on biological effects are based on real in-vivo and in-vitro observations
• Always some risk of carcinogenisis even at low doses
• Higher doses lead to immediate and definite effects
• Radiation risk is quantified in terms of organ or whole body dose, measured in Sieverts
• Exposure to radiation inevitable with natural and man made sources of background radiation
• Dose limits set to equate radiation risk with other occupational and public risk levels

• 
• 
• 1 of 1

King's College London