Ophthalmology
Learning Units
Unit 1: Sudden Loss of Vision
Unit 2: Visual field defects, double vision & optic disc swelling
Unit 3: Pupil abnormalities, Facial nerve palsy & Ptosis
Unit 4: Refractive Error
Unit 5: Children & Squint
Unit 6: Differential diagnosis of blurred vision
Unit 7: Gradual Loss of Vision
Unit 8: Eye Trauma
Unit 9: Red Eye
Unit 10: Systemic Disease
Useful Links
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KCL website
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Unit 2: Visual field defects, double vision & optic disc swelling
Introduction
1: Visual Field Defects
Introduction
Visual Pathway
Lesions
Homonymous Hemianopia
Quadrantanopia
Bitemporal Hemianopia
Pituitary Tumour
Central Visual Field Defect
Patient Assessment
2: Double Vision (diplopia)
Causes / Aetiology
History
Monocular/Binocular Diplopia
Third Nerve Palsy
4th (Trochlear) Nerve
6th (Abducent) Nerve
3: Optic Disc Swelling
Optic Nerve
Causes
Examination
Self Assessment
Self Assessment
Patient Scenarios
1: Visual Field Defects
Lesions
Image credit: Luckmann's Core Principles and Practice of Medical-Surgical Nursing
Rules
Lesions anterior to the chiasm produce unilateral field defects
Lesions posterior to the chiasm produce contralateral homonymous defects
Chiasmal lesions generally produce bitemporal defects.
The more
congruous
the defect the more posterior in the visual pathway the lesion
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