Unit 10: Systemic Disease

1: Diabetic Retinopathy

Signs

Retinal Signs

Clinical Signs

Retinal Signs

Source: Adapted from an image uploaded to retinagallery.com by Steven Cohen

Hard exudates are lipid deposits that are produced by lipoprotein leakage from blood vessels.

Cotton wool spots are a superficial retinal infaction appearing as a fluffy white lesion.

Micro aneurysms
Dot haemorrhages
Blot haemorrhages
Exudates
Cotton wool spots
Retinal oedema
Venous changes
Neovascularisation

New vessels at the disc (NVD)
New vessels elsewhere in the retina (NVE)

Ocular Signs

Extraocular muscle palsies (diplopia)
Iris rubeosis

Iris Rubeosis

Iris rubeosis

Source:

Iris rubeosis occurs when new vessels grow on the iris in response to severe retinal ischaemia. They can block the trabecular meshwork and aqueous outflow, causing raised intraocular pressure and glaucoma.
Cataract