Thyroid eye disease usually affects the extra ocular muscles and orbital connective tissues. It is characterised by active orbital inflammatory stage followed by inactive fibrotic stage.
Idiopathic autoimmune disorder
Higher prevalence in females
Peak incidence 30-50 years
Worse cases in smokers, males and with increasing age
Usually associated with hyperthyroidism but can occur in euthyroid and hypothyroid cases
Can develop sight threatening optic neuropathy or exposure keratopathy